三峡库区近50年间土地利用／覆被变化

Land use/cover change during lately 50 years in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

基于1955年1:50000地形图、1972年MSS图像、1986和2000年TM图像,定量分析了三峡库区土地利用的动态变化过程,并对其驱动力进行了分析.结果表明:1955—2000年间,研究区土地利用结构发生了明显变化,林地、水域和未利用地面积减少,耕地、草地和建设用地面积增加.在1955—1972、1972—1986和1986—2000年3个时段,该区林地面积持续减少,但减幅逐渐变小;草地和耕地面积分别经历了增-减-增和增-增-减的过程;建设用地面积持续增加;水域和未利用地面积持续减少.政策、经济发展和人口增长等因素是研究区土地利用变化的主要影响因子.

Based on the topographic maps （ 1 ： 50 000） ages in 1986 and 2000, the dynamic changes of land Reservoir Area were quantitatively analyzed, with their in 1955, MSS images in 1972, and TM imuse during lately 50 years in Three Gorges driving forces discussed. The results showed that during lately 50 years, the structure of land use in the study area changed obviously, with a decrease of woodland, water area and unused land, and an increase of cultivated land, grassland and construction land. During the periods of 1955-1972, 1972-1986 and 1986-2000, woodland had a persistent and gradual decrease, grassland and cultivated land underwent a process of increase-decrease-increase and of increase-increase-decrease, respectively, construction land increased continually, while water area and unused land kept decreasing. Policy, economic development, and population growth were the main driving factors of the land use change in the study area.