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清代泉州晋江沿海商人的乡族特征 被引量:3

Regional and Lineal Features of Coastal Businessmen from Quanzhou and Jinjiang,during the Qing Dynasty
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摘要 泉州安海商人,在明代私人海上贸易史上占有重要的地位。入清以来,随着郑芝龙、郑成功集团的衰亡,安海商人也出现了衰退的局面。而与此同时,泉州府晋江县沿海地带的商人们,却能够依仗海洋交通便利的地理优势,因时而起,得到较快的发展,成为清代福建地区最具影响力的地方商帮。特别是随着清代中期台湾经济地位的提升及其与大陆经济交往的发展,晋江沿海商人形成了以闽台海峡两岸贸易为重心、兼及东南沿海船运商业的经营模式。清代晋江沿海商人在经营上的成功,是以充分利用家族、乡族的互助力量紧密联系在一起的,而家族、乡族的联系纽带又使得商人们在经营关系和经济关系处于比较错综复杂的境地。这种比较复杂的经营关系和经济关系,将对商业资本的发展产生一定的促进和阻滞的作用,因而对于以往关于家族、乡族制度阻碍社会经济发展的传统说法,有必要予以重新的审视。 Businessmen from Anhai occupied an important position in the history of private maritime trade in Quanzhou during the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing, with the decline and fall of the Zheng family, Anhai businessmen also deteriorated. Meanwhile, relying on their geographical advantages that facilitated convenient maritime traffic, businessmen from the coastal area of Jinjiang County, Quanzhou prefecture, rapidly developed and became the most influential local business group in Fujian during the Qing. Particularly, after the upgrading of Taiwan' s economic status in the mid - Qing and the expansion of Taiwan' s economic exchanges with the mainland, the Jinjiang businessmen focused on the cross - strait trade and the coastal shipping in Southeast China. The managerial success of Jinjiang coastal businessmen were closely linked to their full use of family and lineage' s mutual aid capacity. However, the links of family and lineage also placed businessmen in a relatively complex situation with regard to business and economic relations. Depending on certain circumstances, these complex relationships meant that family and lineage ties could both promote or obstruct the development of commercial capital. Thus, the traditional argument that the family and lineage system hindered socio - economic development should be re - examined.
作者 陈支平
出处 《清史研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2008年第1期20-36,共17页 The Qing History Journal
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参考文献38

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