中药资源生态学研究的理论框架

Theoretical Framework of Chinese Medical Resource Ecology

文章回顾了中药资源生态学发展的概况及学科产生的背景,总结了中药资源生态学的特点。归纳了中药资源生态学的主要研究内容,包括:中药资源自身的生态学理论与方法、中药资源品质形成的生态学研究、中药资源生产的生态学研究、中药资源保护与生态修复。阐述了中药资源生态学研究中的几个关键问题,包括:多样性与种内变异、尺度效应、自组织、逆境效应。介绍了中药资源生态学的理论基础,主要源于生态学、生理学及中药资源学等学科的基础理论。指出中药资源生态学研究方法包括原地观测、受控实验、综合分析等普通生态学的研究方法,及以中药资源质量检测为代表的技术方法,如经典的物理、化学方法、光谱分析技术、色谱技术、中药指纹图谱等。认为作为一门新生的应用生态学的分支学科,中药资源生态学的发展必定呈现出以下的趋势:普通生态学的理论和方法与中药资源生态研究进一步融合。中药资源生态学独有的理论方法体系将逐步形成和完善。理论和实践相结合是中药资源生态学发展的必由之路。

This paper reviewed the framework of development of Ecology of Chinese medical resources, and summarized the characters of Chinese medical resource ecology： 1 ）The research focused mainly on wild perennial herbs, which are often rare or endangered species in the floral community, or cultivars of Chinese medicines requiring special habitat and soil environment; 2）Medical ingredient of the species is the most important concern in both research and practice of Chinese medical resources. Secondary metabolism at individual level is a key research content of Chinese medical resources; 3） Geo-herbs, the site-specific Chinese medicine and as a geographical indication product, is a unique concept in Chinese medical resources ecology. This paper also pointed out that the main contents and research domain of Chinese medical resources ecology are： 1 ） Basic theories and research methods of Chinese medical resources ecology; 2 ） Ecology relating to quality forming of Chinese medical resources; 3 ） Ecology relating to cultivation and reproduction of wild Chinese medical resources; 4） Conservation and restoration of wild Chinese medical resources. The paper explored the theory bases and principal methods of Chinese medical resources and explained some key concepts and theories of Chinese medical resources ecology, such as biodiversity and inter-species variation, community scale, suitability, Stress effect. Finally, this paper gave an outlook of development of Chinese medical resources ecology.