天然纤蛇纹石制备纤维状纳米氧化硅研究

Preparation of Nano-fibrous Silica from Natural Chrysotile

以石棉尾矿为原料,通过水洗、筛选、净化提纯等工艺得到纤蛇纹石石棉束,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面分散剂对其高速乳化分散,再对充分分散的纤蛇纹石石棉纤维进行酸浸等处理,获得了直径为20-40nm管状的、无定形纤维状纳米氧化硅。研究了煅烧、分散等工艺对石棉酸浸程度以及酸浸产物形貌的影响。实验表明,纤蛇纹石所特有的管状结构在制备过程中起到了“模板”作用,并在酸浸过程中被所生成的纳米氧化硅所继承,从而形成了管状纤维纳米氧化硅。

Asbestos gangue as raw materials, the nanowires silica tube of 20-40nm in diameter was prepared by following process： primarily bunchy chrysotile was obtained by bathing, filtering and refining from asbestos waste; secondly, chrysotile was dispersed by emulsification machine in high speed, SDBS as dispersant added： lastly chrysotile fiber was treated by acid and the namo-fibrous silica was obtained. The influences of sulfuric acid soaking, calcination and dispersing on product were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the unique tube structure of chrysotile played a template role in preparation of nanowires silica, which is inherited by the resultant SiO2 in sulfuric acid soaking course.