玉米制种花期相关性状的QTL分析

Genetic analysis on the related traits of florescence for hybrid seed production in maize

提高杂交种制种产量是降低玉米种子生产成本,加速杂交种推广的一条有效途径。本研究拟通过对玉米制种花期相关性状的遗传分析,为玉米制种产量的提高和玉米育种提供理论基础。试验以优良玉米自交系琼68和K12组配的一套F2∶4家系为基础材料,构建了包含134个SSR分子标记的遗传连锁图,通过1年2点的田间试验,对玉米制种花期相关性状进行了分析。结果表明,散粉期与吐丝期、吐丝周期、花丝活力呈极显著正相关;同时吐丝期与吐丝周期、花丝活力,以及吐丝周期和花丝活力也呈极显著正相关;而散粉周期与散粉期和吐丝期呈负相关关系。利用复合区间作图法在2个环境中定位了22个玉米制种花期相关性状的QTL:散粉期5个、吐丝期4个、散粉至吐丝间隔期5个、散粉周期4个、吐丝周期2个、花丝活力2个。结果发现多数QTL存在环境表达的特异性。

The yield of hybrid seed production is very important to reducing the cost of hybrid seed in maize, and it directly affects the extending acreage of one hybrid. The objective of this study is to dissect the genetic basis of the related traits of florescence for hybrid seed production, and provide the genetic basis for raising hybrid seed production and maize breeding. A set of F2：4 population derived from a cross between two elite inbred lines, Qiong 68 and K12, were used as material for evaluating the related traits of florescence for seed production in maize. The population was evaluated in two environments, and the genetic linkage maps were constructed including 134 simple sequence repeat markers. The results demonstrated that day to pollination （DTP） had a positive significant relationship to day to silking （DTS）, silking duration （SD） and seed setting rate （SSR）. And DTS also had positive significant relationship to SD and SSR, so did SD and SSR, whereas pollination duration （PD） had negative correlation to DTP and DTS. A total of 22 QTL were detected for the related traits of florescence for seed production using composite interval mapping method, including 5 QTL for DTP, 4 QTL for DTS, 5 QTL for anthesis to silking interval （ ASI）, 4 QTL for PD, 2 QTL for SD, 2 QTL for SSR. Many QTL had interaction with environments.