运输应激对二花脸仔猪与皮特兰仔猪肌纤维特性的影响

Effect of transport stress on the myofibre characteristics of Erhualian and Pietrain piglets

选用性情温顺、肉质好的二花脸仔猪与性情暴躁、肉质欠佳的皮特兰仔猪,应用组织学与组织化学的方法研究了运输应激对这两种猪背最长肌的类型、毛细血管密度、乳酸脱氢酶以及糖原的影响。试验结果:1)运输组的二花脸猪Ⅱb型纤维面积极显著小于运输组皮特兰猪(P<0.01),对照组的二花脸猪Ⅱb型纤维面积显著小于皮特兰猪(P<0.05);两种猪均是Ⅱb型纤维所占比例最大,同一品种内运输组与对照组各型肌纤维面积差异均不显著。2)运输应激后二花脸猪乳酸脱氢酶活性比对照组极显著升高(P<0.01),皮特兰猪比对照组也显著增加(P<0.05)。3)运输应激对两种猪背最长肌中糖原含量影响不大。4)二花脸猪对照组背最长肌单位面积内毛细血管密度(CD)显著高于皮特兰猪运输组与对照组(P<0.05),但毛细血管数与肌纤维数的比值(C/F)差异不显著(P>0.05)。上述结果表明:二花脸猪的肌肉有氧代谢和无氧酵解潜能较强,有利于肌肉在运输应激后保持细胞内稳态;皮特兰猪肌纤维面积大、毛细血管密度低,不利于肌肉进行有氧代谢,易受应激影响。

To compare the influence on myofibre characterstics between Erhualian and Pietrain piglets after transport, longissimus dorsi （LD） muscle classified into different muscle fibre types using ATPase histochemistry, capillary density （CD） and glycogen were studied by periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） staining, and lactate dehydrogenase （ LDH ） was studied by LDH histochemistry. The results indicated that ： 1 ） Ⅱb fibres area of Erhualian transport groups in LD were significantly smaller than Pietrain transport groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. 2 ） The lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher after transport （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 3 ） Capillary density of Erhualian control groups was significantly higher than Pietrain （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, but the capillary per fibre ratio was no difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. 4 ） The content of glycogen was no difference after transport. The results suggest that the much higher latent of energy metabolism both in aerobic metabolism and anaerobic glycolysis of the muscle of Erhualian may be the reason for better meat quality, and that the large area and low capillary density of Pietrain＇s muscle fibre were no benefit to aerobic metabolism.