大学生自我表露及其与主观幸福感的关系

Self-Disclosure and Its Relationship with Subjective Well-being among College Students

目的:探讨大学生自我表露、主观幸福感现况及二者的关系。方法:根据浙江大学164名学生的问卷调查结果对JourardSM自我表露问卷进行修订,用修订的自我表露问卷和幸福感指数量表对浙江大学的356名学生进行问卷调查。结果:不同信息类别的自我表露评分差异显著(F=50.24,P<0.001),其中品味和兴趣(1.85±0.41)、学习(工作)(1.87±0.43)的自我表露评分均高于态度和看法(1.70±0.32)(t=7.870、8.256)、金钱(1.60±0.41,t=10.517、11.429)、个性(1.70±0.39)、身体(1.71±0.42)(P均<0.001)。目标人的主效应显著(有男/女朋友者、无男/女朋友者的自我表露问卷评分差异均有显著性,F=21.14、13.88,P<0.001),信息类别和目标人的交互作用显著(F=76.15,P<0.001)。在金钱、身体、学习或工作方面大学生向父母表露多于向男、女性朋友(如金钱上:母亲1.81±0.59、父亲1.73±0.58,男朋友1.42±0.44,女朋友1.40±0.44;F=116.84,P=0.000)。女性的表露程度高于男性(1.79±0.31/1.71±0.32,t=2.03,P=0.044)。自我表露与主观幸福感呈正相关(r=0.16,P=0.003)。分层回归显示自我表露对预测主观幸福感作出了新的贡献(ΔR2=0.021,P=0.006)。结论:信息类别、目标人、被试性别会影响自我表露的程度,提升表露水平有助于改善主观幸福感。

Objective： Assessing the actuality of Self-disclosure and Subjective well-being as well as the relationship between them. Methods： Based on 164 samples from Zhejiang University, this study first tested the psychological property of JSDQ （ Jurad self-disclosure questionnaire） and made some revisions according to the result. Then 356 students were invited to join the final survey. Results： The main effects and interactive effect of information category and target person were significant { F = 51.09, 21.28, 14. 83, P 〈 0. 001 ） ; females disclosed more than males （1.79 ＋ 0. 31, 1.71 ＋ 0. 32, t = 2. 03, P = 0. 044 ） ; positive correlation has been found between self-disclosure and subjective well-being { r = 0. 16, P = 0. 003 ） ; hierarchical regression showed that self-disclosure made new contribution to subjective well-being （△R^2= 0. 021, P = 0. 006 ） . Conclusion： The self-disclosure of college students was related to information categories, target person and gender of themselves; Advancing the level of self-disclosure helps to improve subjective well-being,