贫困地区老年人幸福感指数及其影响因素

The Index of Well-being and Its Influential Factors of the Elderly in Depressed Area

目的:探讨贫困地区老年人的幸福感指数及其影响因素。方法:以360名湖南省贫困地区老年人为研究对象,以自编老年人一般资料调查表和幸福感指数量表为测量工具,进行Logistic回归分析和路径分析等。结果:360位老年人平均幸福感指数9.9±2.8;经t检验和方差分析有统计学意义(P(0.05)的指标中有受教育程度(β=0.870)、经济收入(β=0.402)、兴趣爱好(β=0.833)和社会支持(β=0.774)进入Logistic回归分析方程(χ2=40.277,P=0.000);路径分析显示直接影响幸福感指数的指标为经济收入(β=0.262)和兴趣爱好(β=0.099),年龄、受教育程度、性别通过影响收入、兴趣爱好而间接地影响幸福感指数。结论:在湖南贫困地区,经济收入与老年人幸福感直接相关,幸福感最突出的表现是有兴趣爱好。

Objective： To explore the index of well - being and its influential factors of the elderly in poor area. Methods： A total of 360 elderly in poor area of Hunan was sampled, Logistic multiple linear regression, path analysis was used to analyze the dates which were investigated by the two questionnaires including Index of Well-being. Results： The mean index of well-being of these 360 elderly is 9. 9 ±2. 8 ; After being proved having influence on the index of well-being according to group t-test or one-way ANOVA, education （ β = 0. 870 ） , income （ β = 0. 402 ） , interests （ β = 0. 833 ） , and social support （ β = 0. 774 ） were targets that entered into the regression analysis equation （ χ^2 = 40. 277, P = 0. β00 ） . Pathway analysis showed direct influences of income （ β = 0. 262 ） and interests （ β = 0. 099 ） on the index of well-being, while age, education and sex had indirect influences on it. Conclusion： In poor area of Hunan province, income is the direct influencing factor for well-being of the elderly, which manifest as interest.