珠江三角洲景观空间格局分析

An Analysis of Landscape Spatial Pattern in the Pearl River Delta

以2000年珠三角土地利用现状数据为基础数据源,编制珠三角景观类型图;在GIS与景观斑块分析软件的支持下,选取类型面积等9种主要景观格局指数定量分析珠三角的景观空间格局特征。结果表明:珠三角景观类型受人为活动影响很大,以耕作用地和城乡居民用地等景观为代表的半自然或人为景观占据了珠三角总面积的60%以上,且城市化水平越高,这种现象越为明显;类型水平上,珠三角各市景观空间差异普遍较大,尤以城乡居民用地、森林、草地等景观更为明显,景观的破碎化程度与城市化水平密切相关;景观水平上,各市斑块分布较为均匀。

Landscape type map of the Pearl River Delta （PRD） was compiled with land use data in 2000. With the support of the software of GIS and landscape patch analyst, nine types of landscape pattern indexes, such as CA, MPS, PSCOV, MedPS, ED, AWMSI, MPAR, MPFD, SDI, were selected to analyze quantitatively the landscape spatial pattern of the PRD. The results show that ： Landscape type of the PRD has been influenced greatly by human activity, the semi-natural landscapes or man-made ones, in which the farmland and urban-rural residential land can be taken as representatives, exceed 60% of the total area of the PRD, and the higher the urbanization level is, the more obvious this phenomenon becomes. For the landscape type, the spatial differences between the landscape patterns of 9 cities in the PRD are obvious, especially those between urban-rural residential land, woodland and grassland landscapes. It is revealed that there is close relationship between the landscape fragmentation degree and urbanization level. For the landscape diversity and evenness, the patches distribution is even in the nine cities of the PRD.