中国城乡二元结构时空分异及可持续发展研究

Temporal-Spatial Disparity Law of Rural-Urban Dual Structure and Sustainable Development in China

利用1991-2005年的统计资料,借鉴城乡居民收入差异系数等指标,分析了中国城乡二元结构的总体态势和各省区间城乡二元结构差异的时空变化规律;并利用GIS技术,选择1991、1995、1999和2003年4个年度做全国城乡二元结构空间分异图,分析了城乡二元结构时空分异形成的原因,提出了经济可持续发展的对策与建议。

The dual economic structure is formed by the great industrial gap that exists between modern industry and traditional agriculture. It＇s an inevitable stage in the process of industrial society development and behaves as dual structure between rural and urban areas in China, for China has a strict management system of household registration. The dual structure between rural and urban areas may cause a series of economic and social problems when it develops to some degree, such as economic unsustainable development, regional disparity, growth gap between rich and poor, social unsteadiness. Therefore, each government and civilian always hope to eliminate the dual structure to realize economic integration between rural and urban areas. By using the statistical data from 1991 to 2005 and the indexes of disparity coefficient of rural-urban residential income, the temporal-spatial disparity law and the present situation of dual economic structure between rural and urban areas in China are analyzed. Main conclusions are ： 1 ） the gap of residential income between rural and urban areas has enlarged gradually with rapid economical development; 2） the dual structure in different province follows the law that＂ the more developed the region, the smaller income differences, vice versa＂ ; but there are also some provinces in exception, such as Guangdong, Hainan, Heilongjiang. Then, by the method of GIS, the spatial distribution map of residential income disparity between rural and urban areas is made to reflect the temporal and spatial disparity law of the dual structure indifferent province. At last, some suggestions for economic sustainable development are put forward.