中国2006年巨大儿发生率及其影响因素

Incidence of fetal macrosomia and influencing factors in China in 2006.

【目的】探讨中国2006年巨大儿发生率及其影响因素。【方法】采用分层整群随机抽样,抽取14个省、自治区、直辖市的43个城乡调查点。调查对象是2006年5~10月内出生的活产新生儿,按规范称量出生体重。活产儿的信息获得采用问卷调查。数据分析使用SAS 9.1统计软件。【结果】共调查活产新生儿18554例,中国2006年巨大儿发生率为6.5%;东、中、西部发生率分别为8.2%、5.9%、5.2%;城市为7.5%,农村为6.3%。二项式Logistic回归进行多因素分析显示,与巨大儿发生有关的因素为：孕周、母亲孕前体质指数、孕期增重、妊娠合并糖尿病、羊水过多、母亲年龄、新生儿性别和所在的经济区域。【结论】影响巨大儿发生率的因素很多,通过加强围生期保健和营养教育,可预防巨大儿的发生。

[Objective] To describe the incidence of fetal macrosomia and identify the influencing factors in China in 2006. [Methods] The sample of national survey was performed by stratified random cluster sampling in 43 cities and counties of 14 provinces. The object was all live birth infants during May to October in 2006. Weight measuring according to the standardization conducted by the national research team. The information of all infants was investigated by questionnaires. All data was analyzed with SAS 9.1. [Results] 18 554 infants were investigated. The incidence of fetal macrosomia in 2006 was 6.5% in China. The incidence of fetal macrosomia in different economic areas was 8.2% ,5.9% ,5. 2% respectively. The incidence were 7.5% in urban and 6.3% in rural. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. The results suggested that the pregnancy age, prepregnancy BMI, body weight gain in gestationperiod, diahetes mellitus, much amniotic fluid, maternal age, gender of infants, and residence area. [Conclusions] The incidence of fetal macrosomia is associated with many factors. The perinatal health care and nutrition education should be enhanced to reduce the labor of fetal macrosomia infants.