从《马达汉西域考察日记1906—1908》看清末的新疆社会

The Society of Xinjiang in the Late Qing Dynasty in "The Diary of Investigating the Western Region(1906-1908)" by Ma-Dahan

《马达汉西域考察日记1906—1908》是芬兰著名探险家马达汉到中国进行军事刺探活动时所写的,该书对当时新疆的政治、经济、军事和民政等情况,以日记的形式作了详细记载。通过归纳从农牧业、商业、社会生活及少数民族族群等方面来对清末的新疆社会状况作一阐述。

Ma-Dahan was a famous explorer of Finland. In 1906 he was entrusted by Russian government, and as a baron of Finland and an explorer, he entered Xinjiang from Central Asia, beginning his trip to China. He understood the situations of Xinjiang at that time, such as politics, economy, military and civil administration, etc. extensively on the way, and has recorded the society at that time in detail in the form of diary. This text exactly relies mainly on investigating his diary in＇the Western Region, attemptting to reflect the social state of Xinjiang in the late Qing Dynasty.