“美国化”与以色列向现代消费社会的转变--一种文化视角的探讨

"Americanization" and Israel's Transformation to Modern Consumption Society——A Viewpoint from the Way of Culture

以色列是美国在中东地区的盟友,从战后建国至今与美国一直保持密切的关系。当以色列在战后大踏步地迈向现代消费社会时,美国大众文化在这一过程中扮演着举足轻重的角色,致使以色列与很多国家一样出现了所谓的"美国化"趋势。其实,以色列社会不会完全被"美国化","美国化"多少包含着以色列人对一种现代生活方式的追求,如果把这一带有争议性的术语用"现代化"来表述,大概更能准确地把握住以色列自放弃开拓性民族精神以来大踏步迈向现代社会的过程。

The most important elements to limit economic growth in the Middle East are the issues of sustainable development,especially,the issue of water shortage is the dominant element.In order to resolve the issue of water shortage,such kinds of efforts may be useful:adjusting the prices of resources,making proper distribution of water,adopting new effective technology,and conducting wide-ranging international cooperation.For the issue of pollution,the following measures may be adopted for the Middle East states: revising development strategy;readjusting system of prices;improving the structure of powers;opening up measure of absorbing investment and conduct international cooperation.