汉译佛典中的“所可”

Suo ke(所可) in Chinese Translations of Buddhist Scripture

对西晋竺法护《持心梵天所问经》、前秦鸠摩罗什《思益梵天所问经》和北魏菩提流支《胜思惟梵天所问经》这三部同经异译佛典中使用的“所可”一词进行比勘，可知“所可”的意思等同于“所”，“可”用作词缀，不表达实在的意义。在此基础上考察“易可”、“宁可”、“难可”、“或可”、“容可”等一系列“一可”式复音词，结果表明：在中古汉语时期，“可”已经作为一个词缀在汉译佛典和中土文献中广泛使用。

The paper compares the usage of suo ke （所可） in three different Chinese translations （respectively translated in the Western Jin Dynasty, the Earlier Qin Dynasty, and the Later Wei Dynasty） of the same Buddhist scripture. It is confirmed that the exact meaning of suo ke is equal to the meaning of suo （所） and ke （ 可 ） just functions as an affix without any actual meaning. The paper then explores a series of ＂ - ke＂ polysyllabic words such as yi ke （ 易可 ）, ning ke （ 宁可 ）, nan ke （ 难可） , huo ke （ 或可 ） and rong ke （ 容可 ） and concludes that in ancient and middle Chinese ke has been widely used as an affix in Chinese translation of Buddhist scripture and central mainland literature.