上海市松江区1991～2006年成人麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of adult measles during 1991 to 2006 in songjiang district of shanghai

目的为探讨上海市松江区成人麻疹的发病原因，以便为加速控制和消除麻疹提供防治对策。方法采用描述流行病学方法，对该地区1991～2006年成人麻疹发病资料进行流行病学分析。结果松江区1991-2006年共报告成人麻疹461例，年平均发病率为4．92／10万（0-39．37／10万）。1996年以前，成人麻疹呈散发，而1997年以后发病明显增加，1997-2006年年平均发病率为6．87／10万（0～39．37／10万），与1991-1996年的年平均发病率0．33／10万相比，上升了19．82倍。3-5月是成人麻疹高发季节。74．84％的病例为20-39岁，外来人口病例占总病例的53．15％，外资和民营企业工人（占55．53％）、农民（占15．62％）等是成人麻疹发病的重点人群，外来人日集中的大型企业是成人麻疹暴发的好发场所。结论提高MV的接种率是控制麻疹的基础，采取针对性免疫措施和加强麻疹监测工作是减少麻疹发病的主要策略。

Objective To discuss the risk for adult measles in Songjiang District of Shanghai, and to provide preventive strategy to control and eliminate measles. Methods The data of adult measles incidence during 1991 to 2006 were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology method. Results 461 adult measles cases were reported and the average annual incidence rate was 4. 92 cases per 100,000 persons （0-39.37/100 000） during 1991 to 2006 in Songjiang. The adult measles occurred dispersedly before 1996, cases increased obviously since 1997,and the average annual incidence rate was 6. 87 cases per 100 000 persons which increased 19.82 times more than the incidence 0. 33/100 000 during 1991 to 1996. The high prevalence months of adult meals are between March and May. 74.84% cases are between 20 and 39 years old. Immigrant cases accounted for 53.15% of the total cases. Overseas-funded enterprises and Private enterprises workers （account for 55.53%）, the farmer （account for 15.62% ） are the focal people of the adult measles. Large enterprises with many immi-grants are tend to outbreak adult measles. Conclusion Enhancing vaccination rate of MV is the foundation for controlling measles. Taking the pointed immunity measure and strengthens surveillance on measles is the main strategy of decreasing the incidence rate of measles.