植被生物量的研究进展

Research advances in vegetation biomass

对植被生物量的研究方法、影响因素进行了综述。结论如下:①传统地上生物量的测定方法是收获法。在区域尺度上,传统的生物量测定方法缺乏可操作性,现代方法具有不可替代的优势。在区域尺度上,现代植被生物量的估算方法主要有观测估算法、遥感反演法和模型模拟法,3种估算方法各有利弊。②地下生物量测定的常用方法是土柱样方法,也可采用分层挖掘法。除此之外,通常还采用埋入土柱法和微根区管法,其中微根区管法是当今最先进的方法。③影响地上和地下生物量的主要因素有生物多样性、撂荒地演替阶段、土壤水分和营养、放牧强度等。如何最大限度利用影响地上和地下生物量的因素达到控制植被生物量的目的,是实际生产中应该考虑的。

This paper summarizes the measurement methods in biomass research and the factors affecting biomass. The following conclusions were made： （1） Though the harvesting method is traditionally used for aboveground biomass measurement,it is hard to operate. Comparatively speaking modern measurement methods have obvious advantages, which includes：observation estimation, remote sensing and model simulation. （1） The soil column quadrat method is often used for underground biomass measurement,so is the multi-layered mining algorithm method, Additionally, soil column and minirhizotron are used as well. Among them,minirhizotron is by far the most advanced method. （3） The primary factors of biomass include diversity of biology, vegetation of succession stages, water and nutrition of soil, as well as intensity of browse and so on. In real production, how to balance the different factors in order to control biomass is the most important issue to be considered.