儿童结核病218例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 218 Children with Tuberculosis

目的:探讨学龄前儿童与学龄期儿童结核病的临床特点,提高诊断水平。方法:分析8年间住院的结核病儿童病历资料,探索其临床特点。结果:学龄前组与学龄期组在病程、病情严重程度、结核全身中毒症状、肺部粟粒样阴影X线表现上存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。学龄前组较学龄期组Hb<110 g.L-1比例高,而痰菌阳性率低(P<0.05)。卡介苗接种率两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但全部患儿未接种组与接种组相比,重症结核患病几率明显增加。结论:学龄前结核病儿童临床症状重;新生儿期接种卡介苗对预防控制重症结核病仍有重要意义。

Objective：To investigate the clinical manifestation of TB children and to improve diagnostic capacity. Methods： To analyse the clinical characteristics of 218 TB children admitted. Results： The difference of the clinical manifestation and X- ray feature between the high aged group and low aged group were significant. The cases whose Hb 〈 110 g/1 and sputum smear/culture of acid - fast bacilli postitive rate were different between the two groups （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The incidence of serious tuberculosis between the BCG vaccination group and non vaccination group was significant. Conclusion： The frequency of clinical manifestation in low aged TB children is higher. The work of BCG vaccination inoculation to new - born infants is very important.