福州市1992—2005年流行性乙型脑炎流行特征

Epidemiological Features of Epidemic Encephalitis B during 1992—2005 in Fuzhou

目的分析福州市1992-2005年流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）流行趋势，为制定乙脑预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法对疫情信息监测管理系统的监测资料及2005年个案调查资料进行分析。结果累计报告167例乙脑病例，年均发病率为0．21／10万；累计报告死亡9例，平均死亡率为0．011／10万；病死率为5．39％；男女发病之比为1．74：1，病例中以散居儿童为主（61．68％），其次为学生（34．13％）。10岁以下病例占76．04％（127／167）；流行季节为6—10月，高峰在7、8月。市区的发病率远低于8个县。结论建议加强农村的健康教育和卫生防病知识的宣传，搞好0—10岁儿童乙脑疫苗预防接种工作，特别是流动儿童。同时，在流行季节开展防蚊灭蚊，降低乙脑发病率。

[ Objective] To analyze the prevalence trend of encephalitis B during 1992 -2005 in Fuzhou and provide scientific evidence for the establishment of prevention and control strategy. [ Methods] Analysis was made on the data collected from the prevalence surveillance system and the individual investigation in 2005. [ Results] 167 cases of encephalitis B were reported with an average morbidity of 0.21/lakh; 9 death cases were reported with an average mortality of 0.011/lakh; the ratio of male and female patients was 1.74：1; 76.04% of the cases were under the age of 10; the prevalence season was between June and October with the peak in July and August; the morbidity was far lower in the urban areas than in the rural ones. [ Conclusion] Health education and disease prevention work should be improved in the rural areas; encephalitis B vaccine inoculation should be improved among the children aged from 0 to 10, especially floating children.