晚稻旱育秧植株形态和生理生化特性

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF LATE RICE PLANTS CULTIVATED BY RAISING SEEDLINGS WITH DRY NURSERY MANAGEMENT

以杂交水稻威优４６为材料作旱育秧，设置常规湿润育秧作对照，研究了晚稻旱育秧的形态特征和生理生化特性．结果表明：旱育能明显促进秧苗根系生长，抑制地上部生长；旱育秧苗物质积累多，特别是ＡＢＡ和ＧＡｓ含量显著提高，根系活力、发根能力、抗旱和抗热能力强；移栽入大田后，基本无败苗和返青期，根系生长量大，活力强，光合速率和叶绿素含量高，有效穗多，结实率高，千粒重大，产量显著增加．

Studies on the characteristics in morphology,physiology and biochemistry of the late rice plants,hybrid rice Weiyou 46(V46),cultivated with the high yield technique by raising seedlings with dry nursery management were conducted and two different ways of nursery management—the dry nursery and the wet nursery were compared.The results showed that the dry nursery management enhanced the root growth and slightly inhibited the aerial parts growth of rice seedlings;the rice seedlings with dry nursery management (RSDNM) accumulated more substances,especially much more ABA and GAs,both in root,and leaves,had stronger root vigor and abilities of root regenaration,drought resistance and high temperature resistance than the rice seedlings with wet nursery management (RSWNM);and after transplantation,RSDNM appeared almost no death and returning green time,exhibibted obviously greater amount of root growth,stronger root vigor,higher photosynthetic rates and chlorophylls contents,more effective ears,higher percentage of filled grain and 1 000 grain weight than RSWNM.Finally,the grain output of RSDNM reached 909.2 g/m 2,13.35% more than that of RSWNM.