春兰人工诱变的研究

STUDIES ON THE INDUCTIVE MUTATION OF SPRING ORCHID

以春兰种子和茎尖为外植体进行组织培养，形成原球茎后，用紫外光和秋水仙素进行人工诱变，结果表明：较高剂量的紫外光照射，可导致细胞核的变形、皱缩、线粒体液泡化，在一定照射剂量的条件下，可提高细胞无丝分裂的频率，其中以劈裂式无丝分裂的频率最高，诱发再生植株出现多种变异．用一定剂量的秋水仙素处理，也出现一些变异植株，但机率较少．

The results of inductive mutation of the primitive corms developed by tissue culture of external bodies,seeds and stems of spring orchid and treated with ultraviolet rays and colchicine showed that the cell nucleus were out of shape,shrinks,contracts and the body liquid of string particles became bubbles with the irradiation of ultraviolet rays.The frenuencies of cell division,especially the spliting form division increased with certain quantity of irradiation of ultraviolet rays,which made the rebirth plants appear various variation.The similar variation plant though not in a large number emerged with the disposal of certain quantity of colchicine.The success of inductive mutation developed a new path in choosing and bringing up new products.