不同性别偏头痛患者个性与应对方式的研究

Disparity of gender on personality and coping styles in patients with migraine

目的探讨不同性别偏头痛患者个性及应对方式的差异。方法采用艾森克个性问卷、应对方式问卷、偏头痛诊断疗效评定标准意见对符合1988年国际头痛协会制订的偏头痛诊断标准的偏头痛患者（男35例，女69例）进行测评，另设26例健康男性和34例健康女性作为对照。结果偏头痛患者N分、自责、幻想、回避因子分与同性别对照组比较差异显著（P〈0．01），E分和求助分显著低于对照组；与男性患者相比，女性患者N分、L分、幻想、合理化因子分显著高于男性患者，E分、解决问题、自责因子分显著低于男性患者，差异显著（P〈0．05）；女性患者头痛程度[（17．13±3．06）分]、发作频率[（1．35±0．77）次]、疼痛持续时间[（7．03±3．85）h]较男性患者重（P〈0．01）。结论多数偏头痛患者个性特征和应对方式存在一定的缺陷；女性患者内倾向、神经质更加明显，较多采用不成熟的应对方式面对现实；女性患者偏头痛发作频繁、程度较重、持续时间较长。

Objective To explore the distinguish of personality characteristic and coping styles in different gender patients with migraine. Methods 104 migraine patients （35 males, 69 females）met Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society were surveyed with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, Coping Style Questionnaire（CSQ） and The standard suggestion of diagnostic and therapeutic scale on migraine. 26 healthy male people and 34 healthy female people were as the control group. Results Compared with the same sex control group, N score of EPQ and self-blame, illusion and avoidance scores of CSQ were remarkably higher, but E score of EPQ and resort score of CSQ were much lower in migraine patients, which was of remarkably significant （ P〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the males group, N score , L score of EPQ and illusion and relational scores of CSQ were higher, E score of EPQ and settle question, self-blame scores were lower in female patients group（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The degree of headache was more severely, the frequence of headache attacking was higher, the time of headache persistent was longer in female migraine patients, which were of remarkably significant （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Most of the Migraine patients have the deficiency in personality characteristic and coping styles. The introversion and neuroticism of female patients were more severely than that of male patients. Negative coping styles were more used while facing difficulty and frustration in female patients. The degree of headache was more severely, the frequence of headache attacking was higher, the time of headache persistent was longer in female migraine patients.