高师贫困生自尊与主观幸福感的特点及关系

A research on characteristics and relationship between serf-esteem and subjective well-being of the impoverished students in normal university

目的探讨高师贫困生自尊、主观幸福感的特点及关系。方法采用自尊量表、生活满意度量表、快乐感量表对218名贫困生和216名非贫困生进行测查。结果（1）高师贫困生的自尊、生活满意度、正性情感显著低于非贫困生[（27．56±4．13）分，（29．53±4．17）分，t=4．940，P〈0．01；（15．53±5．10）分，（17．92±5．24）分，t=4．811，P〈0．01；（23．96±5．97）分，（25．14±6．01）分，t=2．043，P〈0．05]，负性情感差异无显著性。（2）高师贫困生自尊、主观幸福感不存在性别差异，生活满意度年级差异有显著性，大一学生的生活满意度[（16．64±5．37）分]显著高于大二[（14．81±4．55）分]和大三学生[（14．76±5．09）分]（F=3．547，P〈0．05）。（3）高师贫困生自尊与生活满意度、正性情感均呈显著正相关（r=0．448，r=0．449，P〈0．01），自尊与负性情感呈显著负相关（r=-0．514，P〈0．01）。自尊水平越高，幸福感越强。结论贫困生自尊和主观幸福感相对较低，自尊和主观幸福感显著相关。

Objective To explore the characteristics and relationship between self-esteem and subjective well-being of the impoverished students in normal university. Methods Self-Esteem Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale and Happiness Scale were used for examining 218 impoverished students and 216 non-impoverished students. Re- sults （ 1 ） Impoverished students＇ self-esteem, life satisfaction and positive affection were significantly lower than those non-impoverished students＇ （27.56 ±4.13/29.53 ± 4. 17, t = 4. 940, P 〈 0.01 ; 15.53 ± 5.10/17.92 ± 5.24, t = 4.811, P 〈 0.01 ; 23.96 ± 5.97/25.14 ± 6.01, t = 2. 043, P 〈 0.05 ）, but significant difference in negative affection not found. （2） Impoverished students＇ self-esteem, subjective well-being showed no difference in gender life satisfaction showed significant differences in grades. Gradel students have significantly higher life satisfaction level than student of other grade（16.64 ±5.37/14.81 ±4.55/14.76 ±5.09, F=3.547, P〈 0.05）. （3） Correlative analysis showed self-esteem positive correlated significantly with life satisfaction （ r = 0. 448, P 〈 0.01 ）, positive affection（ r=0.449, P〈 0.01 ）, while self-esteem negative correlated significantly with negative affection（ r= -0. 514, P 〈 0.01 ）. Individuals with high self-esteem experienced more subjective well-being. Conclusion Impoverished students scored significantly lower than their peers on self-esteem and subjective wellbeing and self-esteem was related to subjective well-being.