丘陵红壤不同人工林型土壤微生物类群、酶活性与土壤理化性状关系的研究

Relationship among microbial groups,enzyme activity and physico-chemical properties under different artificial forestry in hilly red soil

在中国科学院红壤生态试验站优化农业生态模式的长期定位试验地选取恢复14年的常绿针叶林地（马尾松）、落叶阔叶林地（小叶栎）、针阔混交林地（湿地松一小叶栎）和自然恢复地（受到人为干扰）为样地，并以附近疏草荒地作为对照，研究了不同人工林型对土壤微生物类群、酶活性以及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，不同林型下土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌总数均有很大程度的增加，依次为针阔混交林〉阔叶林〉针叶林〉自然恢复地〉疏草荒地。土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性表现为阔叶林〉针阔混交林〉针叶林〉自然恢复地〉疏草荒地。在剖面分布上，土壤微生物类群和酶活性也有明显的层次差异，即随土层的增加而减少。在0—10cm土层中，土壤细菌、真菌与脲酶、酸性磷酸酶之间具有显著或极显著相关性。土壤微生物类群和酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮和有效氮之间具有极显著相关性。

The study was carried out at long-term experimental plots in the Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Soil microbial groups,enzyme activity and soil physico-chemical properties of four types of restoring vegetations and barren grassland（CK） nearby were studied. The results show that contrasted with barren grassland, the contents of bacteria,fungi and actinomyces are significantly increased under different artificial forestry. The most quantity is in Quercus chenii-Pinus massonina （Qp） , followed by Quercus chenii（ Qc ） , Pinus massonina （Pm） , natural restoring land（Nrl） , and the worst is in grassland（ G）. The highest soil invertase, urease and acidity phophatase activity is in Qc, followed by Qp, Pm, Nrl, and the worst is in G. In the profile,soil microbial groups and enzyme activity decreases with the soil depth. In the surface soil layer （0 - 10 cm）, soil llrease and acidity phophatase activity have a vary significantly positive correlation with the contents of bacteria and fungi. They all have significant correlation with red soil physico-chemical properties.