福建省农业水灾脆弱性评价及减灾对策

Vulnerability assessment of agricultural flood and mitigation countermeasures in Fujian Province

根据自然灾害系统理论,建立了包括农业水灾灾因、孕灾环境、农业承灾体和防灾水平等多要素的福建农业水灾系统脆弱性评价指标体系和模型,借助数字地图技术,采用福建省水灾数据库和社会经济指标数据库资料,编制了福建省农业水灾脆弱性和水灾年均灾次分布图。结果表明:福建省农业水灾脆弱性东西分异明显,最高值集中分布在除福州市、厦门市和泉州市辖区以外的东部沿海地区,与福建省西高东低的地势和农业承灾体分布一致,还与福建省近35年水灾年均灾次分布相似;依据构建的福建省农业水灾脆弱性形成机制和可持续发展模式,提出加大区域水灾风险研究,制定生态安全条件下的土地利用结构调整和种植结构调整政策,加大沿海地区防洪工程投入,定时清淤河道等对策,降低农业水灾脆弱性,为福建省农业水灾的防御和制定减灾对策提供科学依据。

Based on natural disaster system theory ,the paper established an index system and modeled flood system vulnerability assessment, including agricultural flood hazard, disaster formative environment, hazard-affecting body and disaster mitigation level. With the aid of digital map technology,the paper used data from the hazard and soeio-eeonomie databases of Fujian Province,compiled vulnerability distribution and average frequency of agriculture flood in the province. Results show that, flood vulnerability obviously differs from east to west in Fujian. Regions with maximum value are concentrated in the eastern coastal area, with the exception of Fuzhou, Xiamen and Quanzhou ;consistent with the eastward sloping topography, agricultural hazard-affecting body distribution, and distribution of average flood frequency in the past 35 years. Based on the established formative mechanism of agricultural flood and accompanying sustainable development patterns, the paper suggests enhancement in regional flood risk research, adjustment in land-use and farming structures under ecological security, increases in input in flood prevention projects in coastal regions, clearing of river-ways at fixed intervals, to reduce agricultural flood vulnerability. This can benefit agricultural flood prevention and disaster reduction.