刑法目的论纲

An Outline of Teleology of Criminal Law

目的是刑法的创造者;《刑法》第2条关于刑法任务的规定也是关于刑法目的的规定。刑法目的具有刑事政策(指导刑事立法)的机能;刑法目的与刑法机能具有一致性,作为刑法目的的法益保护,包括对行为人自由的保障。各种解释方法都包括了目的论解释,目的论解释具有最终决定意义。刑事立法要以实现条文目的为核心表述构成要件;对违法性的实质理解,来源于对刑法目的的理解。将有责性作为犯罪成立条件,是刑法目的的基本要求。目的法学为目的刑论奠定了基础,刑法目的决定了刑罚目的,刑罚的属性制约了刑法目的的内容;对具体犯罪的认定必须以具体法条的目的为指导。

Article 2 of the Chinese Criminal Law provides for the task, which is also the purpose, of criminal law, and the purpose of criminal law is consistent with the function of criminal law. The protection of Legal interests, as the purpose of criminal law, includes the protection of the freedom of actors. Teleological interpretation is a decisive part of all methods of interpretation. Criminal legislation should explain constitutive requirements by following its purpose, and the essential understanding of unlawfulness comes from the understanding of the purpose of the criminal law. The basic demand of the purpose of criminal law is to take culpability as one of the conditions of the constitution of crime ; and teleological jurisprudence lays the ground for the doctrine of the purpose of criminal punishment. The purpose of criminal law determines the purpose of criminal punishment. The nature of criminal punishment restricts the content of the purpose of criminal law; and a determination of concrete crime should be guided by the purpose of a concrete provision in the criminal law.