被动吸烟对不同孕期大鼠宫内胚胎发育影响研究

The Effects of Passive Smoking on Intrauterine Developing Embryos in Pregnant Rats During Different Gestations

采用被动吸烟方法研究了香烟烟雾对不同孕期大鼠宫内胚胎发育的毒性和影响。结果表明：香烟烟雾对孕鼠胚胎有明显的毒性，可引起胚胎死亡、畸形和宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）；且孕期不同，这种毒性和影响的后果也不同：其中从孕１天即开始被动吸烟的Ａ组主要表现为死胎、吸收胎和ＩＵＧＲ，且发生率非常显著地高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；孕８天开始被动吸烟的Ｂ组则主要为畸胎和ＩＵＧＲ，其发生率也比对照组有显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．０５）；孕１５天开始被动吸烟的Ｃ组，死胎、畸胎和ＩＵＧＲ的发生率只略有增高。提示孕妇在胚胎发育敏感期即妊娠的头两个月内应严禁吸烟，以预防死胎。

By way of passive smoking,the toxicological effects of cigarette smoking on intrauterine developing embryos in pregnant rats during different gestations were studied.The results showed:cigarette smoking had obvious embryotoxicity.It could caused death,malformation and intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)of embroys;and during different gestations,consequences and effects caused by the toxicity were different:the consequences of group A exposed to passive smoking from the 1st day of pregnancy were mainly death,absorbed fetuses and IUGR;those of group B exposed from the 8th day were mainly terata and IUGR;and the incidences in groups A and B were evidently higher than those in the control group( P<0 01￣0.05 ),the incidences in group C exposed from the 15th day were only lightly increased.These results suggested:pregnant women should be forbidden to expose them self to any cigarette smoking,especially in the 1st bimester,so as to prevent genesis of fetal death,malformation and IUGR.