略论工业化学品的风险评价

A Summary Discussion on Risk Assessment of Industrial Chemicals

工业化学品的日益增多和广泛使用,给环境带来了很大的压力。工业化学品的风险评价问题,对环境管理至为重要,国家环保局及国内的工业企业正在讨论有关化学品毒性的控制问题。该文讨论了化学品风险评价的常用术语及基本程序,对生态毒性在评价中的地位特别予以强调,并提出了与其相关的评价程序,即理化参数分析;毒性扫描;亚急性毒性试验和慢性毒性试验或微生态系统试验。

The industrial chemicals have been increased and widely used for the last decades in various fields. In result it caused a heavy pressure on the environment. Risk assessment of industrial chemicals became one of the important problems in environmental administration. National EPB and domestic factories have been considered concerning the problems of controlling toxicity of chemicals. In this paper discussion on the terminology and basic procedure of risk assessment were presented, especially on ecological toxicity and proposed corresponding procedure, such as analysis of physico-chemical parameters, toxicity screening, sublethal and chronic tests or microcosms test.