论格拉斯小说《蟹行》的教诲主题

On the Pedagogical Theme of Im Krebsgang

格拉斯的小说《蟹行》以"古斯特洛夫号"海难事件为切入点,引导读者直面历史,理性思考当今问题。文本中描绘的"古斯特洛夫号"是一艘寓意丰富的船。"古斯特洛夫号"应纳粹反犹的时势而生,是纳粹反犹太主义的象征。它是纳粹意识形态的产物,是纳粹展示其臆想的乌托邦的样板。它对图拉一家几代人的欺骗寓意了纳粹对德国民众的欺骗。它沉没的惨象是战争恐怖与后果的缩影,也是纳粹发动战争让德国人民付出的代价的象征。格拉斯坦言"古斯特洛夫号"沉没之惨,旨在教育人们战争的灾难是双向性的,提醒读者勿忘二战的惨痛教训。

Im Krebsgang guides readers to face history and consider problems of today rationally through narrating the sinking of Gustloffo. Gustloffo, a metaphorical ship, appears to cater to antiSemitism policy and itself symbolizes anti-Semitism. It is the product of Nazi ideology, bearing the Nazi Utopia. Its deception of the generations of the family implies Nazi＇s cheating German common people. The miserable condition of the shipwreck is the epitome of the high price of the Nazi war. Grass emphasizes that the disaster of the shipwreck aims at reminding people of the Second War＇s dual sufferings and bitter historical lessons.