乌鲁木齐市4所幼儿园学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的影响因素

Risk factors for simple obesity in preschool children from four kindergartens of Urumqi City

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市3～7岁儿童肥胖症的发生率及其影响因素。方法随机抽取乌鲁木齐市4所城区幼儿园3～7岁儿童1730名作为研究对象，测量其身高、体重，采用问卷调查相关影响因素，按照身高标准体重法判定肥胖，采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析影响肥胖的因素。结果乌鲁木齐市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率为7．1％，超重率为13．2％，5岁以上儿童肥胖发生率最高。肥胖发生的危险因素有家族中肥胖人数、母亲的BMI（身体质量指数Body Mass Index）不正常、父亲较少参加运动、家庭不正常的运动和饮食习惯及父母的错误认知。结论乌鲁木齐市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率较高，应尽快采取相应的干预措施，预防肥胖重点应放在学龄前期。

Objective To investigate the incidence of simple obesity and risk factors for the development of this disorder in preschool children from Urumqi City. Methods A total of 1 730 children at ages of 3-7 years sampled randomly from four district kindergartens of Urumqi City were enrolled in this study. Their heights and weights were measured. Risk factors for the development of simple obesity were investigated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Overweight occurred in 229 children （ 13.2% ）. One hundred and twenty-two children were diagnosed with simple obesity （7.1%）. The 5 years old group children showed the highest incidence of obesity （9.5%）, more than the other age group children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of obesity, high body mass index of the mother, little physical activity of the father, and bad diet habits and low educational levels of parents were risk factors for the development of simple obesity. Conclusions The incidence of simple obesity of preschool children from Urumqi City is higher than the reported data. The risk of childhood simple obesity is multifactorial. The prevention of simple obesity should begin at the preschool stage.