军人心身健康与社会支持、家庭情感表达及相关因素的研究

Studies on military personnel's psychosomatic health and its relationship with social support,family emotion expression and related factors

目的探讨军人心身健康与社会支持、家庭情感表达及相关因素的关系,为实施干预措施以提高军人心身健康水平提供依据。方法采用随机整群取样法抽取陆军、海军、空军共3865例军人,用中国心身健康量表(CPSHS)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、家庭情感表达量表(FEES)对其进行测量,对测量结果进行直线相关分析、主成分回归分析等。结果军人心身健康的心理障碍分(焦虑、抑郁、精神病性)显著低于中国心身健康常模(t=-36.669^-29.724,P<0.01),躯体化症状分(呼吸系统、消化系统、骨骼肌肉皮肤、生殖及内分泌、神经系统)略高于中国心身健康常模(t=2.681~15.491,P<0.01);空军躯体化症状分(眼和耳、消化系统、骨骼肌肉、生殖及内分泌)显著低于陆军、海军(P<0.05);心身健康各因子与社会支持、家庭情感表达和一般情况有显著的正或负相关关系(民族和军兵种除外)(r=-0.269~0.439,P<0.05~0.01);用主成分回归分析,为军人心身健康总分建立了简单、有效的主成分回归方程。结论军人心理健康比一般人群好,而躯体健康与一般人群相比略差;其心身健康水平与社会支持、家庭情感表达和一般情况密切相关。

Objective To explore the relationship between military personnel＇s psychosomatic health and social support, family emotion expression and related factors, and to provide measures to raise military personnel＇s psychosomatic health by interventional measures. Methods A total of 3865 servicemen from army, navy and air-foree were selected for sampling through randomized cluster. Chinese Psy chosomatic Health Scale （CPSHS）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Family Emotion Expression Scale （FEES） were used for anal ysis, and the results were analyzed by linear correlation and principal component regression, etc. Results Compared with the norm, the military personnel had lower scores in the mental disorder （anxiety, depression, psychoticism） （t range from -36. 669 to -29. 724, P〈 0. 01）, but higher scores in the somatic disease （respiratory apparatus, alimentary system, skeletal and musculature, integument, regenerative and endocrine, nervous system） （t range from 2. 681 to15. 491, P〈0. 01）. The somatic disease scores （eye and ear, alimentary system, skeleton and musculature, regeneration and endocrine） of the air-force were significantly lower than that of the army and navy （P〈 0.05）. Every factor （excluding ethnicity and difference in service） of psychosomatic health had significantly positive or negative correlation with social support, family emotion expression and general state （r range from -0. 269 to 0. 439, P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. A simple and ef fective principal component regression equation was established for psychosomatic health of military personnel by Principal Component Re gresslon Analysis （PCRA）, Conclusion The mental health of military personnel is better, but somatic health is worse than that of corn mon people. The psychosomatic health condition has a close relationship with their social supports, family emotion expression and general state.