广东曲江罗坑自然保护区广东松群落特征

Characteristics of Pinus kwangtungensis Community in Luokeng Nature Reserve,Guangdong Province

应用植被样地调查法研究了广东曲江罗坑省级自然保护区的广东松群落的物种组成、科属地理成分和种群年龄结构,为国家保护植物广东松的保育提供基础资料。结果表明,3400m2样方中有维管植物237种,隶属于74科126属。群落中维管植物的数量优势科为壳斗科(Fagaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)、杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、山茶科(Theaceae)和冬青科(Aquifoliaceae);优势种为广东松(Pinus kwangtungensis)、疏齿木荷(Schima remotiserrata)、猴头杜鹃(Rhododendron simiarum)和五列木(Pentaphylax euryoides)。植物科、属的地理成分以泛热带和热带亚洲分布型为主,体现了南亚热带向中亚热带过渡的特点。种群年龄结构分析表明,建群种广东松接近衰退种群阶段,而优势种疏齿木荷、猴头杜鹃和五列木等属于基本稳定种群,倒卵叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis obovatifolia)和小叶罗汉松(Podocarpus macrophyllus var.maki)的更新幼苗数量多,属于典型的增长种群。

Characteristics of Pinus kwangtunensis Qujiang, Guangdong Province, were studied using community in Luokeng Provincial Nature Reserve, quadrat method for better conservation of the national endangered species. There are 237 species of vascular plants belonging to 74 families and 126 genera in a sampling area of 3400 m^2. The dominant families of community are Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Ericaceae, Rosaceae, Theaceae and Aquifoliaceae. The dominant species of the community are P. kwangtungensis, Schima remotiserrata ,Rhododendron simiarum,and Pentaphylax euryoides. Most of the floristic elements of seed plants at the familial and generic level are Pan-tropical and tropical-Asia areal-types, which show some transition character of southern and mid-subtropical elements. Analyses on the species age structure indicate that the edificatory species population of P. kwangtungensis intends a declining population. The dominant species populations of S. remotiserrata, R. simiarum, and P. euryoides are in relative stable stage, meanwhile the species population of Cyclobalanopsis obovatifolia and Podocarpus macrophyllus var. maki will apparently increase their population size because there are a lot of seedlings in the generation layer.