护理差错的原因分析及管理对策

Analysis of the Causes of Nursing Errors and the Management Countermeasures

目的分析护理差错发生的原因,确定管理对策,以减少临床工作中护理差错的发生。方法对6年内发生的82例护理差错进行回顾性分析。结果护理差错按工作内容分,注射相关差错发生率最高(41.5%);按差错发生原因分,查对相关差错发生率最高(51.2%);按差错责任者的工作年限分,工作年限1-5年者及第6-10年的护士出现差错的几率较高,分别为40.2%,31.7%;按差错发生的时段分,上午和夜间时段差错发生率(分别为53.7%,28%)比中午和下午多(分别为11%,7.3%)。结论差错发生有个人、制度及管理层面等原因;管理者应制定差错防患对策,重视工作程序、方法以及工作制度和工作流程的改进,转变观念,实施人性化管理,科学合理使用人力资源,提高护理人员业务素质等。

Objective To analyze the causes of nursing errors, and to decide the management countermeasures. Methods 82 nursing errors were analyzed retrospectively. Results According to work content, the incidence of injection-correlated errors was 41.5% ; according to the cause, the incidence of checking-correlated errors was 51.2% ;according to the working lifetime of the persons concerned ,the incidence of the errors of the six-year-nurses and the ten-year-nurses was 40.2% and 31.7% , respectively;according to the time phase, the incidence of the errors in the morning and at night was 53.7% and 28% , respectively. Conclusion The causes of nursing errors are from individual, regulations, management and so on. The management should institute countermeasures to prevent nursing errors, including thinking highly of improving job program, method, institution and work flow, changing concept, managing in humanity, rational using human resources, raising profession diathesis of nurses and so on.