广西贵港地区早期冶铁遗址初步考察

Investigation on Ancient Iron Smelting Sites in Guigang County of Guangxi

广西贵港早期冶铁遗址群分布在平南县六陈镇到桂平市罗秀镇约100 km2范围内,是迄今为止岭南地区发现最早的冶铁遗迹。2006年3月、11月两次考察了平南县六陈镇登塘村的六穴岭、坡咀屋背山、铁屎尾、顶龙岗、茶岭、顶龙岗东坡,桂平市罗秀镇罗秀村、木村等多处冶铁遗址以及平南县六陈镇大头冲古矿遗址,并发现了平南县六陈镇大妙村铁屎塘、登塘村简水表顶2处新的冶铁遗址,试掘出形制独特的炼炉,采集到大量炉渣、矿石、鼓风管、陶器残片等样品,揭示了这一地区至迟于汉代就已能够炼铁,但其冶炼方法、技术水平及其产品特征等尚待深入研究。

The early ancient iron smelting sites in Guigang district of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region located between Liuchen town of Pingnan county and Luoxiu town of Gulping city, covered about 100 km^2, are the earliest iron smelting sites found in Lingnan region up to now. More than 10 iron ore mining and smelting sites are twice investigated during the March and November in 2006, the smelting sites includes Liuxueling, Pozuiwubei mountain, Tieshiwei, Dinglonggang, Chaling and Dinglonggangdongpo at Dengtang village of Liuchen town in Pingnan County, Luoxiu and Mucun Village of Luoxiu town in Guiping city, etc. and the iron ore mining sites are Datouchong at Liuchen town in Pingnan County. Two smelting sites, Tieshitang at Damiao village and Jianshuibiaoding at Dengtang village of Liuchen town in Pingnan County, are discovered, and a unique type furnace never found before in China is unearthed, and a lot of slag heaps, iron ores, broken fragments of tuyere and potteries are collected. These sites show that Lingnan district had its owner iron industry at least in Han dynasty. However, the smelting process, technology level and the products should be further researched.