国内外汞污染分布状况研究综述

Review of Mercury Pollution Distribution Status Research at Home and Abroad

汞污染在世界各地分布较广,美洲、欧洲、亚洲和非洲都出现了汞污染问题,甚至人迹稀少的北极也在受到汞污染的威胁。我国的汞污染主要集中于贵州、吉林、陕西、湖北、辽宁和重庆等地。目前国内外有关环境汞污染的研究主要是针对氯碱生产、金矿开采、燃煤电厂等汞污染源开展的,实际上汞污染源类型很多,因此环境汞污染状况十分令人堪忧。我国汞污染研究基本处于刚刚起步阶段,严重滞后于国际环境形势发展需要,今后除了应加强基础研究工作,还要对重要汞污染地区污染状况、机制、环境效应开展研究,以全面掌握我国汞污染的来源、汞污染源分布以及环境汞污染现状。

Mercury pollution distributes widely all over the world, which have taken place in North America, Europe, Asia, Africa. And even it has frightened the sparsely -populated Arctic. In our country it focuses on Guizhou, Jilin, Shaanxi, Hubei, Llaoning, Chongqing and so on. At present the research of environmem mercury pollution mainly aimed at chlor-alkali industry, gold mining and coal-burning power plants. It fact there are many kinds of mercury pollution sources, which makes the status of environment mercury depressed far off. The research of mercury pollution in our country is only in its infancy, which is insufficient in international environment development demand. From now on, besides strengthening basic research work, we should work at status, system and environmental effect of main mercury pollution regions in order to master the sources, distribution of mercury pollution and the pollution actuality.