不同小麦品种产量构成和水分利用效率差异分析

Variation of Yield Components and Water Use Efficiency of Different Wheat Cultivars

为了筛选节水高产小麦品种,试验采用随机区组设计,对8个小麦品种的水分利用效率、产量及其构成进行了比较。结果表明:灌水对穗粒数影响差异不显著;而千粒重,灌2水处理显著高于灌1水处理,灌3水较灌2水略有下降但差异不显著。品种间穗粒数差异较大,且千粒重差异明显。品种间产量和水分利用效率差异显著,其中以冀5265的产量和水分利用效率最高。随灌水次数增加,产量显著提高而水分利用效率显著降低。综合认为,冀5265为广适性节水高产品种,石家庄8为较强节水品种,石新616为中度节水品种。

In order to select high yielding and water-saving wheat cultivars, an experiment by randomized design was carried out to study genotypic variation on water use efficiency （WUE） , yield and its components by using eight wheat cultivars. The result showed that irrigation had no significant effect on total grain number per hectare, but the grain weight of 2 irrigation treatment was remarkably higher than 1 irrigation, and that of 3 irrigation was lowered a little than 2 irriga- tion. More variations in grain number per hectare and grain weight existed among cultivars. There was significant difference of yield and WUE among varieties, with Ji 5265 the highest in yield and WUE. On the overall average, with increased irrigation yield increased, while WUE declined. In conclusion, Ji 5265 was water saving and high yield with wide-adaptation to irrigation, Shijiazhuang NO. 8 was better water-saving one, and Shixin 616 was moderate water-saving one.