稻米香味研究进展及在香型软米杂交稻育种中的利用

Research advance of the aroma of rice and its use in Hybrid rice breeding with aromatic and soft

作者结合云南香型软米杂交稻育种的实践,对目前稻米香味的类型、化学成分、鉴别方法、遗传表达、基因定位及与栽培环境关系等研究状况进行综述,报道了云南香型软米杂交稻育种取得的主要进展,讨论了在香稻育种中如何利用稻米香味资源的有关问题,指出要育成品质优异的杂交香稻组合,配组双亲均必须优质,最好实现香味等重要品质性状的基因等位;香味性状属突变体,受隐性基因控制,香味基因不仅存在于香稻中,而且还可能以杂合体形式存在于地方非香稻资源中,香稻育种中亲本材料选择,可以从无香味的地方软米水稻种质资源中鉴评筛选。

According to breeding practices of hybrid rice with aromatic and soft in Yunnan, the present rescarch progress of the type, chemical components,identification method, genetic expression, gene mapping of the aroma of rice and the relationship between it and cultivation environment were summarized. To report the breeding research progress of hybrid rice with aromatic and soft in Yunnan ,the rice aromatic resource in aromatic rice breeding was discussed. It was pointed out that parents must be high quality,or the important quality gene of aroma etc was equal for quasi-aromatic hybrid rice combination with high yield and good quality. The aroma traits belonged to mutant and it was controlled by the recessive gene. The aroma gene not only existed in the aroma rice, but also existed in the local non-aroma rice resources as beterozygote form, so parent materials of aroma rice breeding could be screened from the local soft rice resources of non-aroma.