社区糖尿病患者及糖尿病高危人群干预措施研究

RESEARCH ON THE INTERVENTION STUDY ON DIABETICS IN COMMUNITY AND HIGH-RISK GROUP OF DIABETES

[目的]通过对糖尿病患者及糖尿病高危人群进行非药物干预活动,改变不良的生活习惯,降低糖尿病并发症的危险因素水平,控制病情,减少并发症的发生,减轻病人医疗和生活负担,提高病人生活质量。[方法]对北京市海淀区两个社区按照实施方案中的标准筛选出糖尿病103人,糖尿病高危人群148人,其中干预组134人,对照组117人,进行干预前后的对比分析。[结果]干预组糖尿病病人和高危人群的糖尿病知识知晓率有明显提高,差异有显著统计学意义(P﹤0.01),对照组提高不明显(P﹥0.05);高危人群不良行为的改变如限制钠盐摄入等,干预组效果好(P﹤0.05),对照组无明显改变(P﹥0.05)。[结论]糖尿病患者及高危人群采用非药物干预对于有效改变患者不良行为和心理,提高患者的KAP水平,建立健康的生活方式,从而减少并发症发生和提高患者生存质量有着积极的意义。

[Objective] To change the improper living habit of the diabetic patients and high risk group by conducting intervention, so as to lower the risk of diabetic complications, control the disease condition, reduce the occurrence of complicadons, meanwhile, to lighten patient＇s burden, improve their living qualities. [Methods] In line with the standard of the implementation plan of studying two communities from Hal Dian District in Beijing, 103 diabetic patients and 148 high risk group cases were sifted out, who were randomly divided into inten＇ention group with 134 people and control group with 117 PeoPle, so as to carry out the comparative analysis between preintervention and post- intervention. [ Results] To the intervention group and the control group, diabetic patients and high risk group＇s awareness of diabetes knowledge was improved significantly （P 〈 0.01）. The inten.ention group saw apparent change of improper behavior （P 〈 0.05） , such as the intake of sodium salt, while the control group rarely saw. [Conclusion] To the diabetic patients and high risk group, non-medicine intervention have positive significance in effectively adjusting patients＇ improper behavior and mental state, improving their KAP level, building-up their healthy life-style, reducing complication and improving patient＇s living qualities.