呼和浩特城区新生儿乙肝疫苗计划免疫效果评价

Evaluation on the Efficacy of Expanded Programme on Immunization of Hepatitis B Vaccine of Infants in the Urban Area of Huhehot City

本文对呼和浩特城区新生儿乙肝疫苗计划免疫效果作了评价。到１９９４年底，城区新生儿乙肝疫苗５年平均报告接种率达９３．７６％；１９９５年采用“批质量保证抽样法”调查，期望接种率达９０％；血清学调查表明，新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫成功率为９６．７７％；１～５岁组儿童（目标人群）抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率达９２．０１％，较计划免疫前５．６７％明显升高（χ２＝３２６．３６，Ｐ＜０．０１）；接种儿童较未接种的同年龄组儿童ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率下降了５３．９９％，抗－ＨＢｃ阳性率下降了７５．３２％；流行病学效果评价表明，实施计划免疫后的目标人群乙肝发病率（８．３９／１０万）较实施前的同年龄组儿童乙肝发病率（７６．９８／１０万）下降了８９．１０％。

An evaluation of the efficacy of expanded programme on immunization of hepatitis B vaccine of infants in the urban area of Huhehot city was carried out.The annual average reported coverage was 93.76% in 1990～1994.The result of LQAS indicated that the expectant coverage was 90% in 1995.The effective rate of immunization of hepatitis B vaccine was 96.77% in infants.The anti HBs positive rate was decreased to 92.01% in the 1～5 year age group after the immunization of hepatitis B vaccine.It was significantly higher than that rate(5.67%)in the same age group before immunization.(χ 2=326.36,P<0.01).Positive rate of HBsAg was decreased 53.99% while the anti HBc positive rate was decreased 75.32% in the same age group after the immunization when compared with previous rate.The epidemiological evaluation of the efficacy showed that the incidence of hepatitis B was decreased from 76.58/10 6 to 8.9/10 6 in the targeted population after the administration of immunization.