数字技术精确定位椎板进钉区与方向轴的方法

Digital pinpointing the entrance and axis of screw placement into a vertebral lamina

目的应用数字技术探讨精确定位椎板进钉区与方向轴的方法。方法数据来源于一例健康志愿成年人头颈部CT连续扫描数据集，将CT连续断层扫描、dicom格式图像以三维体数据的形式导入Mimics 8．11软件，采用表面遮盖显示法进行三维表面重建颈椎数字解剖模型，然后将重建的结果以．stl格式保存，将C4模型导入Imageware 10．0软件进一步分析。结果通过三维重建得到C3-7数字模型，获得C4椎弓根在椎板表面的最大投影边界、安全区及其最佳中心轴入点位置。结论重建的图像可以提供各椎体的三维动态解剖，可以精确定位任意方向一定直径螺钉经椎弓根三维空间通道在椎板表面的最大投影边界、安全区及其最佳中心轴入点位置；同时可为虚拟手术和数字化手术的设计奠定良好基础。

Objective To report a digital method of pinpointing the entrance and axis of screw placement into a vertebral lamina. Methods CT scan images of the cervical spine of a healthy adult were digitally analyzed by Mimics 8, 11 software （Materialise） to conduct three-dimensional （3D） surface reconstruction of the C3-7 using shaded surface display. The established digital models were saved in STL format. The . stl model of C4 was further analyzed by Imageware 10.0 software. Results In the reconstructed cervical spine digital models （C3-C7）, the largest projection borderline, safe area and the best central axis of the fourth cervical spine pedicle （C4） on the vertebral lamina were determined. Conclusion With the aid of digital 3D reconstruction of cervical vertebrae, the largest projection borderline, safe area and the best central axis of the concerned vertebra can be determined to pinpoint the exact entrance and axis of screw placement into a vertebral lamina.