吉林省中等城市和农村居民营养健康状况调查

Nutrition and Health Status of Residents in Medium Cities and Rural Areas of Jilin Province

目的了解吉林省调查人群营养健康状况。方法在全国抽样的调查点(白城市洮北区代表中等城市、九台市代表农村),采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,分别抽取3个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取2个村(居委会),在每个村(居委会)抽取90户家庭为调查样本户,该户所有成员均为调查对象。对540户进行膳食调查,对3 305人进行问卷调查和体格测量,有2 760人测量血压,有1 630人测量血糖、血脂。按照《2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查工作手册》进行调查和分析。结果每标准人日摄入的能量(9343.3 kJ)、蛋白质(61.1 g)、视黄醇当量(118.4μg)、核黄素(0.7 mg)、硫胺素(0.9 mg)、钙(359.2 mg)、铁(19.9 mg)、锌(11.6 mg)、钠(5 329.5 mg),为推荐摄入量的93.0%、87.3%、29.6%、58.3%、44.9%、75%、1.1%、77.3%、242.0%。18岁及以上成人高血压、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症、糖尿病患病率分别为22.1%、18.1%、5.1%、9.3%、3.1%。结论吉林省调查人群的膳食结构不尽合理,居民膳食中钠摄入量过高;人群钙、铁、维生素A、核黄素、硫胺素等营养素不能满足需要。18岁及以上成人高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病患病率高于全国2002年平均水平,亟需开展慢性疾病的综合防治工作。

Objective To explore the status of nutrition and health of sampling residents in Jilin province. Methods 3 305 residents were selected through multi -stage randomized cluster sampling. The unified ways provided by the national dietary survey were adopted, dietary survey was taken in 540 households,2 760 residents were measured blood pressure, 1 630 residents were examined blood glucose, blood lipid. Results The average of daily energy intake was 9 343.3 kJ, protein 61.1 g, retinol 118.4 μg, riboflavin 0. 7 mg, vitamin B 0. 9 mg, calcium 359. 2 mg, iron 19.9 mg, zinc 11.6 mg, sodium 5 329. 5 mg, the prevalence rates of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesteremia, low serum high -density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes were 22. 1%, 18. 1% ,5.1% ,9. 3% ,3.1%, respectively in adult above aged 18. Conclusion Dietary construction of urban residents was unreasonable, intake of sodium is 242. 0% of Chinese recommended nutrient intake, the intake of calcium, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and thiamine was insufficient. The prevalence rates of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesteremia, low serum high - density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes are higher than average level of the whole country in 2002. It is urgent to prevent and control non - communicable diseases.