低压滴灌条件下提高系统灌水均匀度的途径探讨

The Methods of Improving System's Irrigation Uniformity under Low-pressure Drip Irrigation

低压滴灌是一种高效节能型灌水技术,采用低压滴灌不仅可以减少灌溉系统建设成本,而且可以降低系统运行成本,因此低压滴灌将是今后滴灌技术发展的一个重要方向。然而在灌水器工作压力小于5 m的低压条件下,采用现有的滴灌设备将会由于水力环境的变化引起毛管输水量和滴灌管(带)的有效铺设长度减小,降低滴灌系统的灌水均匀度和灌水质量等问题,为了不以牺牲灌水质量换取成本降低,通过分析低压滴灌的工作特点,提出了改进和提高低压滴灌灌水均匀度的方法和途径。

Low-pressure drip irrigation is a high effective energy conversation type of irrigation technology. It can not only decrease construction cost of irrigation system, but also reduce operation cost of the system. Therefore, low-pressure drip irrigation is an important direction of drip irrigation technology in the future. However, there are many problems under the condition that working pressure of emitter is below 5 m, such as decreasing of capillary pipe water delivery and drip irrigation tape＇s effective laying length that owing to the change of hydraulic environment, reducing irrigation system＇s uniformity and water quality, etc. Generally, people paid badly water quality for lower cost. In order to solve this problem, the author present some methods and approaches to improve irrigation uniformity by analyzing the working characteristics of low-pressure drip irrigation system.