大鼠烟雾吸入伤后肺表面活性物质功能活性的变化及作用(论著)

Changes and significance of pulmonary surfactant functional activities after smoke inhalation in jury in rats

目的：探讨肺表面活性物质功能活性的动态变化与急性烟雾吸入性肺损伤发生发展的关系。法：采用大鼠烟雾吸入伤模型，分别检测了正常对照及致伤2、6、12和24小时动物的动脉血气、肺水量、静态肺顺应性和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）的表面张力活性。结果：动物伤后出现急性呼吸衰竭和严肺水肿，肺顺应性显著降低，以低容量肺顺应性和扩张指数下降早而明显；BALF的最小表面张力进性升高，滞后环面积、稳定指数和恢复系数进行性下降。最小表面张力的变化与静态肺顺应性、PaO2、PaCO2的改变相关显著。结论：烟雾吸入伤早期肺表面活性物质功能活性即显著降低，并可能在呼吸功损害中起重要作用。

Aim: To evaluate the relationships between the dynamic changes of functional activities of pulmonary surfactant and the development of acute lung injury caused by smoke inhalation. Methods:With the use of a rat smoke inhalation injury model,the arterial blood gas levels,lung water volume,static lung compliance,and the surface tension properties of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)were deterndned respectively in normal control and injured animals at 2h,6 h, 12 h and 24 h after injury. Results: After smoke inhalation, the animals developed acute respiratory failure and serious pulmonary edema. The static lung compliance,especially the lung compliance at low volume and expansion index decreased promptly and markedly. The minimum surface tension (STmin) of BALF increased while its hysteresis area, stability index and recruitment index decreased progressively. There were significant correlations between the changes of STmin and static lung compliance, PaO2 and PaCO2. Conclusion:The functional activities of pulmonary surfactant decrease dramatically at the early stage after smoke inhalation and may play important role in pulmonary dysfunction.