综合干预对受虐待小学生感觉统合能力发展的影响

A Study on Effect of Comprehensive Intervention on Sensory Integrative Function of Abused Pupils

目的探讨综合干预措施对小学生受虐待现象及其感觉统合能力的影响作用。方法采取整群抽样的方法对徐州市某区小学179名小学生进行儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)和儿童感觉统合能力发展评定量表(SIFS)的调查。把179名小学生按班级随机分为干预组(88人)与对照组(91人)。对干预组进行2个月的综合干预,干预方法包括教师干预、家长干预、学生干预和媒体宣传。干预结束半年后,对两组小学生重测儿童期虐待史自评量表和儿童感觉统合能力发展评定量表。结果与对照组相比,干预组小学生的受虐待率下降较明显:总受虐待减少率(33.8%对20.5%,χ2=5.13,P<0.05)。重复测量的方差分析发现,综合干预后干预组触觉过分防御得分增长值显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。回归分析表明,影响感觉统合能力得分增长值的因素有:性别、干预前感觉统合能力、是否受干预、干预后受虐待(Beta值=-0.123^-0.913,P<0.001;Beta值=0.075~0.187,P<0.05),其中是否干预仅对触觉过分防御的增长值有预测作用(Beta值=0.146,P<0.01)。结论综合干预能减少小学生受虐待现象的发生,可以促进小学生感觉统合能力的发展。

Objective TO explore and examine the effect of comprehensive intervention on Sensory integrative function of abused pupils. Methods 179 children from a common primary school in Xuzhou were investigated by Personal Report of Childhood Abuse （PRCA） and Sensory Integrative Function Seale（SIFS）. 179 children were randomly divided into intervention group（n= 88） and control group（n= 91）. Comprehensive intervention was given to intervention group for two months. After intervention, Personal Report of Childhood Abuse and Sensory Integrative Function Scale were tested again. Results The results show that the decrease of child abuse rate in intervention group are significantly higher than those of control group（33.8% VS 20.5%, x^2= 5.13, P〈0. 05）. The mean increases scores of tactile defensiveness in intervention group are higher than those of control group after intervention （P〈0.01）, with analysis of variance of repeated measurement. The increase scores of Sensory integrative function are significantly predicted by gender, comprehensive intervention, the re-traumatization after intervention and the scores of Sensory integrative function before intervention（Beta=-0. 123～-0. 913, P〈0. 001; Beta=0. 075～0.187, P〈0.05）. Conclusion By means of comprehensive intervention, we can decrease the incidence of child abuse in children, and improve the development of Sensory integrative function.