膜式氧合技术的临床应用

Clinical application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

体外膜式氧合器（extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO）可以对严重的呼衰和心衰提供暂时的体外生命支持。在ECMO治疗期间，患者只需要最小限度的呼吸支持，肺可以通过体外旁路得到恢复，ECMO治疗有助于减少在传统机械通气治疗中产生的气压伤和氧中毒。这项技术已经成为更加安全和可靠的，但是并发症也可能出现，包括体外循环方面和患者自身病情方面，ECMO使用时间越长并发症也越多。对于那些突发而且严重的呼吸衰竭患者ECMO将成为一种新的治疗方法。

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（ECMO） provides temporary extracorporeal life support for patients with severe respiratory or cardiac failure. During ECMO, patients receive minimal respiratory support while the lungs are bypassed and allowed to heal. ECMO therapy helps to reduce the barotrauma and oxygen toxicity in conventional mechanical ventilation. This technology has become safer and more efficient but complications may still occur, including mechanical complications in the extracorporeal circuit itself and clinical status of a patient. The longer the duration of ECMO,the more complications will occur. ECMO should become a new treatment in these patients with fulminant respiratory failure.