门脉高压患者上消化道出血的时间分析与护理

The analysis and nursing on time of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension

目的探讨门脉高压患者发生食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的时间规律，制定相应的护理对策。方法对77例门脉高压患者所发生的335例次上消化道出血的时间进行了调查。结果一天当中，以5—6时为出血的第1高峰，16-17时为出血的第2高峰；335例次出血中，163例次出血发生在夜间（0-7时），68例次出血发生在日间（8-15时），104例次出血发生在晚间（16—23时），3个时间段出血例次比较，夜间最高，晚间次之，日间最低，有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论门脉高压患者发生上消化道出血的时间及死亡时间有规律性变化。

Objective To study the time of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Methods 335 bleeding times in 77 patients were studied with review analysis. Results During 24 hours in a day, the time from 5 to 6 o ′clock was the first time peak of bleeding, 16 to 17 o ′clock was the second peak and the third peak was at 23 o ′dock. 267 bleeding times （79. 7% ） were in night while 68 （ 20. 3% ） were in day times （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . 19 patients （ 95% ） died at night while 1 patients （5%） died at day time （P 〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion The time of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the time of death in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension have the irregularities.