台州市台风灾害与公共卫生应急对策研究

Research on emergency countermeasures against typhoon of seeing inside the connotations of public health in Teizhou City

目的研究浙江省台州市台风灾害特征,为制定抗台防病策略提供依据。方法基于2004-2006年影响浙江省台州市台风资料,分析了台风灾害发生的基本特点和规律。结果影响台州的台风灾害主要表现为风力强,雨量大,具有突发性,多发性,周期性和季节性等特点。时间在7～10月,主要在7～8月,其影响可分为直接影响和间接影响两类。直接影响主要表现为台风暴雨引起洪涝灾害、强风造成房屋倒塌,有时遇到"三碰头"导致严重风暴潮灾害;间接影响主要是在台州地区产生强降水,进而引发洪涝灾害,诱发各种传染病流行及卫生服务受限。结论台风造成的灾害是重大的公共卫生问题,急需加强公共卫生应对。

Objective The study focused on the features of typhoons in a coastal city in Zhejiang Province and proposed possible emergency countermeasures ahead of typhoons. Methods The nature and regular patterns of typhoons in Taizhou of Zhejiang Province were analyzed based on the data of typhoons attacking from 2004 to 2006. Results Typhoons attacking Taizhou had commonalities such as strong wind, heavy rainfall and suddenness, as well as multiple, cyclical and seasonal characteristics. They occurred from July to October, mainly in July and August. The impacts of typhoons could be divided into direct and indirect ones, while direct impacts were mainly manifested by storms, floods or strong winds causing the collapse of housing, and sometimes the three of them converged to arouse the serious storm surge; and indirect impacts often brought heavy precipitation in Taizhou, triggering floods and resulting in prevalence of various infectious diseases along with limited access to health services. Conclusion Disasters caused by typhoons are major problems of public health concerns. Emergency countermeasures are urgently needed.