作业场所职业卫生抽样监测系统设计初探

Preliminary study on the design of the workplace occupational health surveillance system

目的探索设计作业场所职业卫生主动抽样监测系统。方法采用分层整群抽样方法。结果经计算样本量需要分布在18个省份约65049家工矿企业,监测指标包括生产经营单位职业卫生管理、职业病及损失工作日、职业健康体检、职业危害事故等多个类别,企业监测数据主要通过监测信息系统上报与汇总。结论有必要建立一个适合中国国情的作业场所职业卫生主动抽样监测系统,它可以通过主动性监测与调查工作,运用较少的人力、物力投入,较为准确地掌握全国职业危害情况。

Objective The study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the initiative-sampling workplace occupational health surveillance system that covered the major provinces and cities across the country. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used in the investigation. Results The sample size was contributed by 65,04,9 industrial and mining enterprises distributing in 18 provinces. The surveillance indicators included the occupational health management of production units, occupational diseases, loss of working days, occupational health physical examinations, occupational hazards, and so forth. The surveillance data were summarized and reported through the surveillance data system. Conclusion It is required to establish an initiative--sampling workplace occupational health surveillance system in the light of China＇s national conditions, which can facilitate the accurate understanding of occupational hazards in the country through initiative surveillance and investigation with less manpower and material inputs.