兰州市城关区7～18岁儿童青少年生长发育状况分析

Growth and Development in 7-18 Year-Old Students in Lanzhou

目的分析兰州市7～18岁儿童青少年生长发育状况，为制定相应的卫生措施和评价相关干预效果提供基础数据。方法采用整群抽样的方法，以兰州市城关区52所学校（高中1所、初中11所、小学40所）7～18岁儿童青少年为对象，对所有对象进行身高、体重、胸围、脉搏测量和统计学分析。结果男生生长高峰期出现在12～13岁，高峰期的生长速度达到每年6，8cm；女生的生长高峰期出现在11～12岁，高峰期的生长速度达到每年6．6cm。男、女生体重增长高峰均出现在12岁，且体重增长曲线无交叉。男、女生胸围在16岁以前持续增长，13-15岁男、女生平均胸围水平一致。结论兰州市城关区儿童青少年生长发育符合一般规律，但也存在一定程度的发育不均衡现象。

Objective To study growth and development status in 7 - 18 year-old primary, school and middle school students in Lanzhou so as to provide some basic information for health policy makers and evaluating tools for intervention measures. Methods By use of cluster sampling, students from 52 schools （ 1 high school, 11 junior middle schools, 40 primary schools） in Chengguan District were investigated and measured in height, weight, chest circumference and pulse. In the end, all the results were analyzed. Results It showed that height rapid growth appeared during 12 - 13 years old for boys and the average yearly growth reached 6.8 cm while for girls it appeared during 11 - 12 years old and the yearly growth reached 6.6 cm. As to the weight rapid growth, the peak status for both boys and girls appeared at 12 years old with no crossing up on the curves of weight growth. Chest circumference for both boys and girls increased continually till 16 years old. On average, for those aged 13 - 15, boys had equivalent chest circumference as girls. Conclusion Growth and development in adolescents aged 7 - 18 in Chengguan District showed no deviation from the general population in China in spite of somewhat unbalanced development.