广西小学生心理需要状况调查

Investigation on Mentality Requirements of Pupils in Guangxi

目的探讨广西小学生的心理需要状况，为小学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，抽取广西11所小学的三一六年级小学生1997名为调查对象。用自编的“小学生心理需要”问卷进行测试。结果物质需要、尊重需要和自我实现需要是小学生的主要心理需要；女生的良好关系需要、自我实现需要、认可需要、安全需要得分显著高于男生；三、四年级学生的自我实现需要、关爱需要、物质需要、认可需要得分显著高于五、六年级学生；农村学生的多种需要得分显著高于城市和城镇学生；父母低文化程度组学生的关爱需要、物质需要得分显著高于父母高文化程度组学生，而尊重需要得分则显著低于父母高文化程度组学生。结论应满足不同群体小学生的合理需要，改善小学生的心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the status of pupils＇ mentality requirements in Guangxi, and to provide evidence for their mental health education. Methods A stratified clustered sample of 1 997 pupils in grade 3 - 6 were chosen from 11 primary schools in Guangxi. Results Pupils＇ main mentality requirements in Guangxi were substance requirements,esteem requirements and self-fulfillment requirements. The scores of favorable relation requirements,self-fulfillment requirements,acceptability requirements and safety requirements of the female were higher than those of the male. The scores of self - fufillment requirements,love requirements,substance requirements and acceptability requirements of the pupils in grade 3 -4 were higher than those of the pupils in grade 5 - 6. The scores of the mentality requirement of the pupils who came from country were higher than those of the pupils who came from city or town. The scores of love requirements and substance requirements of the pupils with lower parental education level were higher but the score of esteem requirement level than the pupils with higher parental education level. Conclusion The pupils＇ reasonable requirements should be satisfied, so as to improve their mental health.