施用不同肥料对农田土壤动物群落结构的影响

Effects of Applying Different Fertilizers on Soil Animal Community Structure

从土壤动物的群落结构和数量分布方面,探讨了施用不同肥料对农田土壤动物的影响。试验共获得土壤动物813头,隶属于4门、11纲、17目。各处理土壤动物的数量表现为:有机肥组(325)>对照组(265)>化肥组(223);多样性指数表现为:有机肥组(1.982 5)>对照组(1.702 4)>化肥组(1.490 6);优势度指数则相反。研究结果表明:农田施用有机肥能使土壤动物的数量增加,群落结构复杂;大量施用化肥则抑制土壤动物或致死。

The effect of applying different fertilizers on the commmunity structure and quantity of soil animals was studied. A total of 813 soil animals were collected, which were divided into 4 Phyla, 11 Classes, and 17 Orders. The order of soil animal quantity was ： organic fertilizer group（325） 〉control （265）〉chemical fertilizer group（223） ,and the diversity index was also organic fertilizer group（1. 982 5）〉control （1. 702 4）〉chemical fertilizer group（1. 490 6）, but the dominance index was in reverse order. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer could increase the soil animal number and community structure complexity,while applying chemical fertilizer in great amount could suppress or even kill the soil animals.